Psychology of kleptomania

Kleptomania is a mental disorder ,which is charaterized as condition of not beeing able to avoid the urge to steal.People with this disorder are compelled to steal things, generally things of little or no value, such as pens, paper clips, tape, small toys, or packets of sugar or sachets of honey. Some may not be aware that they have committed the theft.This disorder usually begins during puberty and usually lasts until late adulthood. In some cases, the disorder may never stop and lasts throughout the person's life.Kleptomania appears to be much more common in females.There is also some association with other disorders such as depression and anxiety.
Kleptomania involves the failure to resist impulses to steal things that are not needed for either personal use or for their monetary value.These patients have an irresistible inclination to steal. Often they throw away the stolen goods. They are mostly interested in the kick of the stealing itself.Another aspect of kleptomania involves experiencing tension before the theft and feelings of pleasure, gratification or relief when committing the theft. The stealing is not done to express anger or vengeance, or in response to a delusion or hallucination, and is not attributed to conduct disorder, a manic episode or antisocial personality disorder.It is obviously difficult to document the precise number of people with this problem. People with kleptomania often have another psychiatric disorder, often a mood disorder such as depression and anxiety. There is indirect evidence linking it with abnormalities in the brain chemical serotonin.Depression, anxiety, eating disorders and substance abuse disorders are common in individuals with kleptomania.The treatmants for this dosorder are :psychological counselling therapy and medication drugs.It is very important to search for a help if someone see that he has a seriouos first signs of kleptomania.

END-OF-ESP course self assesment

This two years of learning psychology in English have brought a lot of new skills for me,even it was quiet difficult course.
Writing
Before getting to university i hadn't know what is the summary and how to write it.After 3 terms of learning ESP i know how to write a summary,what are the main types of summary and the main rules of writing a summary.Sometimes I make grammar mistakes and i have a lack of words when i am writing a summary ,but i think i know basic rules how to write a summary so i think my skills in this sphere are on a normal level.
Writing ESP vocabulary tests
I think writing tests was the most easy and successful for me.I have good marks from tests so my achievements are in a high level.Despite that,vocabulary of ESP was really difficult and sometimes hard understandable.
Writing class dictations
I have not a great skills in writing class dictations.Sometimes o missing some some words,or write in a wrong spelling.But in my opinion now I have better skills of writing dictations than before ESP course.
Listening comprehension in class
At the begining of course I had some troubles with listening.I couldn't hear most of
exercises. Now I think my capacities are better.I can do all exercise without errors,sometimes I make spelling mistakes.
Listening to peer's power point presentation
It was the most interesting and enjoyable practice to listen to others presentations.I tried to listen carefully and enjoy presentations.I wasn't very active in asking questions after presentation,but I think I have learnt how to listen others talks.
Making power point presentations
It was long lasting task,because we had to find a lot of information about chosen themes,but in my opinion I managed to do this things and my skills are successful.
Speaking on ESP themes in class
In my point of view it I make the most achievements in this sphere,because I know a lot new words linked with my future profession ,also a lot of expressions,new themes to discuss.

Artificial intelligence

XXI century gives for humanity a lot of technologies ,which are very useful ,for example computers.But in another hand this new inventions are as some kind of artificial intelligence and they tend to replace some cognitive skills of humans.

A lot of scientists think that in the future technologies like robots will replace humanity.But I strongly disagree.Such technologies can think but only because they have special programmes which are installed in them.They have not feelings ,they can not live the same lifes like people.Robots are only mechanisms and where is no need to predict that they outperform people in such task as live a normal life with all feelings.Actually ,all kinds of artificial innteligence may have better cognitive skills and they help us to make our life easier but we must not forget that we have hearts ,feelings ,we can dream and a lot of other things which can not be done by mechanisms.

Body language

Body language is a signals of our body about which we are not always consciuos .It is a way of non verbal comunication.People use it everyday and that is surprising that about 70 precent of comunication consists of body language.So we must know some basic signs of body language.

One of the most basic and powerful body lanuage signs is when person crosses his arms across the chest.This shows that a person is putting up an unconscious barrier between speakers or is expessing oposition.Consistent eye contact may mean that a person is thinking positively of that the speaker is saying,in contrast,lack of eye contact can indicate negatively.Disbelief is often showed by touching ear or scratching the chin.The signs of boredom are:tilting the head to one side,eyes looking straight at he speaker.What is interesting,that the lenght of hear is also one of the body language signs.For example,men with reasonably short hair have a limited social style .Very short hair may signal agression.Long male hair can show lack of ceare and lower self-esteem.

There thousands of body language elements.I think that a profesional psychologist must know the most importants signs because it helps in work with people.I hope in the future i will have an oportiunity to learn more about it.

Self-assesment of ESP learning

Writing skills:Writing was the most difficult thing for me in ESP but in second term I found it more easier, because I spent more time on it. I think I have quiet good skills in writing analytical summaries and restatement summaries. I know how to write it properly. It was quiet hard to remember all ESP new vocabulary but my contributions in tests has shown that I can do it well. Self-designed tests gave me a lot of joy, I like it and I think I am able to design good test by myself. I found some troubles with dictations. I think it is my weak side. I miss understood some words only from its pronunciation. Contributions to weblogs are easy for me, I try to do it carefully and enjoy it.

Speaking skills: I like speak in English, it is not a trouble for me. The class discussions and speaking in pairs are very sufficient and I think I do these tasks in a proper level, but I have some troubles with grammar so I make mistakes linked with grammar when I am talking in English. Preparing for presentation is very hard and takes a lot of time. I can do it well but I am very nervous when I am speaking in front of audience, so sometimes I can forget some things to say.

Listening skills: I am very happy and proud that my skills in listening activities in class are much better than in first term. I do it quiet good. I think that listening podcasts at home will help me to improve my skills to a higher level.

Reading skills: I lilke reading books so it is not hard for me to read home reading in English. I need a dictionary but less than in first term. I know a lot of new words so it is not a big problem to read ESP material in English. Class reading cause more problems because I have less time to concentrate on reading. The most difficult was to do reading comprehension exercises, because sometimes in class I miss understood some new words and it is a trouble to do exercises. I think I have to improve my skilss in it. Computer tasks were easy and enjoyable. I can face with it.

Babies 'show social intelligence'

New research showed that a few months babies have some social skills.The survey was organized by Yale and Oxford univeristies.Tventy eight babies were involved .They were 6 and 10 moths aege.Little ones had to choose wooden toys,which represented different types of characters.As a result,babies had chosen more positive character,that means,that they can evaluate people and have some social intelligence.

The person who has influenced me the most

The person who has influenced me the most is my grandmother.As a matter of fact ,she is my mothers's mother.

My grandmother is grey-haired,small,old woman.She has a kind face with brown eyes and pretty wrinkles.She is always smilling.That is her appearance but is not a prime reason ,why she is so authoritative for me.So why she is my authority?I can explain it.

Firstly,grandmother is good humored,even sacrificing person.She always helps a lame dog over a stile.Also,my granny is friendly and she is not warringat all,therefore,she has no problems with her neighbours and knisfolks.

Secondly, my grand mother is optimistic,she always looks on the bright side.Equally, I might say that she delights me ,because she periodically does kindness.For example,my granny contribute for housless people,feeds neighbours pets(because several neighbours do not take care of their pour animals).

What is more,when I am next to my grandma I feel cosily and relaxed.She has a beneficent aura.

I has learned from her all this things.I love my grandmother,because she is rose-coloured,sweet disposition and hersmile is beyond loveable and I hope that she will smile for world as long as it possible.